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The Higher School of Mechanics of the Navy (in Spanish, ''Escuela Superior de Mecánica de la Armada'', commonly referred to by its acronym ESMA〔(Memoria Abierta: Escuela Superior de Mecánica de la Armada (ESMA) )〕), was originally an educational facility of the Argentine Navy. It was used as an illegal, secret detention center during the so-called National Reorganization Process (Dirty War) of Argentina's 1976–1983 military dictatorship. The original ESMA was a complex located at 8151 Libertador Avenue, in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, in the ''barrio'' of Nuñez. It was the seat of U.T.3.3.2—Unidad de Tareas (Task Unit) 3.3.2–of G.T.3.3,〔http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/arg/doc/perren1.html While most English language sources refer to the unit as a 'task force', the attached Spanish webpage gives what appears to the proper name of the unit, named according to the Task force#US Navy numbering systems.〕 which was responsible for thousands of instances of forced disappearance, torture and illegal execution. The military took the babies born to mothers imprisoned there, suppressed their true identities and allowed them to be illegally adopted by military families and associates of the regime. ESMA was the largest detention center of its kind during the Dirty War. The National Congress passed a law on 5 August 2004 that converted the ESMA complex into a museum, the Space for Memory and for the Promotion and Defense of Human Rights (''Espacio para la Memoria y para la Promoción y Defensa de los Derechos Humanos''). The School, once again legitimate, was renamed ''Escuela de Suboficiales de la Armada'' (acronym ''ESSA''; English: Navy Petty-Officers' School) in 2001, and moved in 2005 to the Puerto Belgrano Naval Base,〔(Web site of ESSA: History ) (Spanish initials a plural is often indicated by a double letter, thus "SS" stands for "Suboficiales", plural )〕 28 km from the city of Bahía Blanca, and about 600km southwest of Buenos Aires. ==Human rights violations== Almost 5,000 people were abducted and held in the ESMA; all except 150 were killed during or after interrogation and torture.〔("Argentina's dirty war: the museum of horrors" ), ''The Telegraph''〕 When announcements were made that prisoners were to be "transferred", as if to other prisons, people came to understand they were going to be executed. The prisoners were taken to the basement, sedated, and then killed, some by shooting, others in death flights: they were flown over the Atlantic Ocean or the Rio de la Plata, and pushed out of the aircraft. The victims were often still conscious, despite having been drugged. In late 1977 numerous bodies of victims washed up on beaches hundreds of kilometers south of Buenos Aires. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Navy Petty-Officers School of Mechanics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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